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Inverse Kinematics (IK)

  • IK ์˜ˆ์‹œ
    • ์•„๋ž˜ํŒ”์ด ์›€์ง์ด๋ฉด ์œ—ํŒ”์˜ ๊ด€์ ˆ์ด ๊ฐ™์ด ์›€์ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. image

Forward Kinematics (FK)

ํ˜„์žฌ Bone์—์„œ์˜ transfromation์ด Bone chain์—์„œ ์˜ค์ง ์•„๋ž˜์— ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” Bone์—๋งŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋ฏ€๋กœ Forward Kinematics๋ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

  • FK ์˜ˆ์‹œ
    • ๊ผฌ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์œ—๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์›€์ง์ด๋ฉด ๊ผฌ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์•„๋žซ๋ถ€๋ถ„๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์›€์ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. image

skinning

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Blender์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ 3D ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” โ€œskinningโ€์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์šฉ์–ด๋Š” ์บ๋ฆญํ„ฐ ์• ๋‹ˆ๋ฉ”์ด์…˜์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ•„์ˆ˜ ๊ฐœ๋… ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Skinning์€ ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋ผˆ๋Œ€(armature)์™€ ๋ฉ”์‰ฌ(mesh)๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ผˆ๋Œ€์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฉ”์‰ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€ํ˜•๋˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ณผ์ •์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์บ๋ฆญํ„ฐ์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„์„ ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

Blender์—์„œ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” skinning ๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:

  1. Forward Kinematics (FK): Forward Kinematics๋Š” ๋ผˆ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์ˆœ์ฐจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์›€์ง์—ฌ์„œ ๋ฉ”์‰ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณ€ํ˜•์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ํŒ”์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์–ด๊นจ, ํŒ”๊ฟˆ์น˜, ์†๋ชฉ ์ˆœ์„œ๋กœ ๊ฐ ๊ด€์ ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋™์œผ๋กœ ์กฐ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ์œ„์น˜๋กœ ์ด๋™์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ์ง๊ด€์ ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์›€์ง์ž„์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๋•Œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋งŽ์ด ๊ฑธ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

  2. Inverse Kinematics (IK): Inverse Kinematics๋Š” ๋๋ถ€๋ถ„(์˜ˆ: ์†์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฐœ)์„ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ์œ„์น˜๋กœ ์ด๋™์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉด ์ž๋™์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ๊ด€์ ˆ์˜ ์œ„์น˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์†์„ ํŠน์ • ์ง€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉด ์–ด๊นจ์™€ ํŒ”๊ฟˆ์น˜์˜ ์œ„์น˜๊ฐ€ ์ž๋™์œผ๋กœ ์กฐ์ •๋˜์–ด ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์›€์ง์ž„์ด ์ƒ์„ฑ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. IK๋Š” ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์›€์ง์ž„์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๋•Œ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

Skinning๊ณผ Kinematics์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜์ž๋ฉด:

  • Forward Kinematics (FK)์™€ Forward Skinning์€ ๋™์ผํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. FK๋Š” ๋ผˆ๋Œ€์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„์„ ์ œ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ด๋ฉฐ, Forward Skinning์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์šฉ์–ด๋Š” ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

  • Inverse Kinematics (IK)์™€ Inverse Skinning๋„ ๋™์ผํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌํ‚ค์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. IK๋Š” ํŠน์ • ์ง€์ ์„ ์ด๋™์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉด ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ๊ด€์ ˆ์ด ์ž๋™์œผ๋กœ ์กฐ์ •๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Inverse Skinning์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์šฉ์–ด๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ ์œผ๋กœ, Forward Kinematics = Forward Skinning, Inverse Kinematics = Inverse Skinning ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋“ฑ์‹์€ ์„ฑ๋ฆฝํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

  • Kinematics๋Š” ๋ผˆ๋Œ€์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„์„ ์ œ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด๊ณ 
  • Skinning์€ ๋ผˆ๋Œ€์™€ ๋ฉ”์‰ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

Reference

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